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BIS Information

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has developed a draft standard for biomass pelletisers (ring die type) under FAD 20: Agriculture and Food Processing Equipment Sectional Committee.

• Document: FAD 20 (27728) WC – August 2025
• Title: Biomass Pelletiser – Ring Die Type – Specification and Test Code
• Scope: Covers materials, construction, performance, testing, and marking requirements.
• Context: Part of India’s mission to promote renewable biomass energy (SAMARTH program).

Key Point Summary

• Promotes biomass pelletisation for reducing coal use in power plants.
• Defines material specifications for critical components (die, rollers, shaft, gearbox).
• Covers vertical and horizontal ring die pelletiser types.
• Performance requirements: efficiency ≥ 85%, fines ≤ 5%, durability ≥ 95%, bulk density ≥ 600 kg/m³.
• Specifies test methods: no-load, load, durability, calorific value, hardness, etc.
• BIS certification marking and safe packing guidelines included.

Scope

This standard applies to ring die biomass pelletisers, prescribing:

• Materials and construction standards.
• Performance requirements.
• Test methods for evaluation.
• Safety and operational guidelines.

Terminology

• Feed Mechanism: Ensures uniform feeding and regulates rate.
• Pelletiser: Equipment that compresses biomass into pellets.
• Mechanical Durability: Ability of pellets to resist shocks/friction during handling.

Pelletiser Types

1. Vertical Ring Die Pellet Mill: Static die in horizontal plane, rollers rotate vertically; gravity-assisted flow improves efficiency.
2. Horizontal Ring Die Pellet Mill: Rotating die in vertical plane, rollers rotate horizontally; uses auger feeding system for uniform compression.

Material Specification for Various Components

Feeding System

• Must ensure uniform material flow.
• Designed to handle various biomass types.
• Integrated auger or screw conveyor mechanism.

Ring Die

• Hardness: 50–60 HRC (Rockwell scale).
• Die holes: uniform shape and spacing.
• Case hardened for wear resistance

Compression Rollers

• Case hardened.
• Hardness: 50–60 HRC.
• Must endure high compressive forces.

Cooling System

• Equipped with oil cooling (air cooler, radiator, etc.).
• Oil temperature must remain below 90°C.

Testing with Example

1. No-load Test: Run 30 minutes × 4 times; record power consumption.
2. Load Test: Run for 20 hours with rated capacity.
   • Input material: ≤ 3.15 mm, 8–14% moisture.
   • Monitor shaft speed, energy meter, pellet size, density, calorific value.
3. Hardness: Tested using Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) at 0.2 mm/s with 500 kg load cell.

Hardness of Pellets

• Determined by compression until fracture.
• Average from 20 pellets per test run.
• Reported in Newton (N).

Specification Key Points

• Efficiency: ≥ 85%
• Fines Content: ≤ 5%
• Pellet Density: ≥ 1100 kg/m³
• Bulk Density: ≥ 600 kg/m³
• Durability: ≥ 95% mass
• Pellet Size: Diameter 6–20 mm
• Calorific Value: Determined as per IS 17654.

Summary Report

• Manufacturer’s details.
• Power consumption at load/no-load.
• Pellet size, density, calorific value.
• Efficiency, durability, fines content.
• Breakdown and maintenance records.

Conclusion

The BIS draft standard ensures safe, efficient, and durable ring die pelletiser design. It supports India’s clean energy mission, reduces coal dependency, and provides a framework for quality biomass pellet production.

PDF Download

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Samarth Committee PDF Download & Comments Link

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Disclaimer

This document is prepared from the BIS draft standard (FAD 20:27728, August 2025) and is for reference and informational purposes only. It should not be used as an official Indian Standard without BIS approval.

👉 Contact Servoday Plants & Equipments Ltd for the technical consultancy on pellet plant design and machinery.

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